@article{LamPerRig00-ML-IJ,
author = {Evelina Lamma and Fabrizio Riguzzi and Lu\'{i}s Moniz Pereira},
title = {Strategies in Combined Learning via Logic Programs},
journal = {Machine Learning},
volume = {38},
number = {1/2},
year = {2000},
month = {January/February},
pages = {63--87},
keywords = {ILP Implementation,ILP Theory,Knowledge Representation,Negation},
abstract = {We discuss the adoption of a three-valued setting for
inductive concept learning. Distinguishing between what is true, what
is false and what is unknown can be useful in situations where decisions
have to be taken on the basis of scarce, ambiguous, or downright contradictory
information. In a three-valued setting, we learn a definition for both
the target concept and its opposite, considering positive and negative
examples as instances of two disjoint classes. To this purpose, we
adopt Extended Logic Programs (ELP) under a Well-Founded Semantics
with explicit negation WFSX as the representation formalism for learning,
and show how ELPs can be used to specify combinations of strategies
in a declarative way also coping with contradiction and exceptions.
Explicit negation is used to represent the opposite concept, while
default negation is used to ensure consistency and to handle exceptions
to general rules. Exceptions are represented by examples covered by
the definition for a concept that belong to the training set for the
opposite concept.
Standard Inductive Logic Programming techniques are employed to learn
the concept and its opposite. Depending on the adopted technique, we
can learn the most general or the least general definition. Thus, four
epistemological varieties occur, resulting from the combination of
most general and least general solutions for the positive and negative
concept. We discuss the factors that should be taken into account when
choosing and strategically combining the generality levels for positive
and negative concepts.
In the paper, we also handle the issue of strategic combination of
possibly contradictory learnt definitions of a predicate and its explicit
negation.
All in all, we show that extended logic programs under well-founded
semantics with explicit negation add expressivity to learning tasks,
and allow the tackling of a number of representation and strategic
issues in a principled way.
Our techniques have been implemented and examples run on a state-of-the-art
logic programming system with tabling which implements WFSX.},
pdf = {http://ml.unife.it/wp-content/uploads/Papers/LamRigPer-ML00.pdf},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
address = {Dordrecht, \TheNetherlands},
doi = {10.1023/A:1007681906490},
http = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1007681906490},
copyright = {Springer Netherlands},
note = {The original publication is available at \url{http://www.springerlink.com}}
}
@incollection{EspFerLam00-BC,
author = {Floriana Esposito AND Stefano Ferilli AND Evelina Lamma AND
Paola Mello AND Michela Milano AND Fabrizio Riguzzi AND Giovanni Semeraro},
title = {Cooperation of Abduction and Induction in Logic Programming},
booktitle = {Abductive and Inductive Reasoning: Essays on thier Relation
and Integration},
editor = {Peter A. Flach and Antonis C. Kakas},
publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
address = {Dordrecht, \TheNetherlands},
year = {2000},
abstract = {We propose an integration of abduction and induction where the two
inference processes cooperate in order to perform more powerful inferences.
We assume the definitions of abduction and induction as given in Abductive
Logic Programming and Inductive Logic Programming.
Abduction helps
induction by generating atomic hypotheses that can be used as new examples
or for completing an incomplete background knowledge.
Induction helps
abduction by generalizing explanations.
We present a learning algorithm that integrates abduction and induction.
The algorithm solves a new learning problem where both the background and the
target theory are abductive theories and abductive derivability is used as the
example coverage relation.
We then show how the algorithm can be applied to learning from incomplete
knowledge and learning exceptions.},
keywords = {Abduction, Negation, Integrity_Constraints},
month = apr,
pages = {233--252},
http = {http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780792362500},
pdf = {http://ml.unife.it/wp-content/uploads/Papers/LamMelRig-ABDINDBK00.pdf},
copyright = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
ebook-isbn = {978-94-017-0606-3},
doi = {10.1007/978-94-017-0606-3},
hardcover-isbn = {978-0-7923-6250-0},
softcover-isbn = {978-90-481-5433-3},
series = {Applied Logic Series},
issn = {1386-2790}
}
@inproceedings{LamPerRig00-MSL00-IW,
title = {Logic Aided {Lamarckian} Evolution},
author = {Evelina Lamma and Lu\'{i}s Moniz Pereira and Fabrizio Riguzzi},
booktitle = {Procs. of Multi-Strategy Learning Workshop (MSL00), Guimar\~{a}es, Portugal},
editor = {Pavel Brazdil and Ryszard S. Michalski},
publisher = {LIAAC - Universidade do Porto},
address = {Porto, \Portugal},
pages = {59--73},
month = jun,
year = {2000},
keywords = {Genetic Algorithms,ILP Implementation,Theory Revision},
abstract = {We propose a multi-strategy genetic algorithm for performing
belief revision. The algorithm implements a new evolutionary strategy
which is a combination of the theories of Darwin and Lamarck. Therefore,
the algorithm not only includes the Darwinian operators of selection,
mutation and crossover but also a Lamarckian operator that changes
the individuals so that they perform better in solving the given problem.
This is achieved through belief revision directed mutations, oriented
by tracing logical derivations.
The algorithm, with and without the Lamarckian operator, is tested
on a number of belief revision problems, and the results show that
the addition of the Lamarckian operator improves the efficiency of
the algorithm.
We believe that the combination of Darwinian and Lamarckian operators
will be useful not only for standard belief revision problems but especially
for problems where the chromosomes may be exposed to different constraints
and observations. In these cases, the Lamarckian and Darwinian operators
would play a different role: the Lamarckian one would be used in order
to bring a chromosome closer to a solution or to find an exact solution
of the current belief revision problem, while Darwinian ones will have
the aim of preparing chromosomes to deal with new situations by exchanging
genes among them.},
url = {http://ml.unife.it/wp-content/uploads/Papers/LamPerRig-MSL00.pdf}
}
@inproceedings{LamManMel00-IDAMAP00-IW,
title = {A System for Monotoring Nosocomial Infections},
author = {Evelina Lamma and Marco Manservigi and Paola Mello and Fabrizio Riguzzi and Roberto Serra and Sergio Storari
},
booktitle = {ECAI2000 Workshop on Intelligent Data Analysis
in Medicine and Pharmacology ({IDAMAP}-2000), Berlin, 20-25 August 2000},
editor = {Nada Lavra\v{c} and Silvia Miksch and Branko Kav\v{s}ek },
publisher = {ECAI Workshop Notes},
month = aug,
year = {2000},
address = {\Berlin, \Germany},
pages = {17--19},
pdf = {http://ml.unife.it/wp-content/uploads/Papers/LamManMel-IDAMAP00.pdf}
}
@inproceedings{LamManMel00-ISMDA00-IC,
title = {A System for Monitoring Nosocomial Infections},
author = {Evelina Lamma and Marco Manservigi and Paola Mello and Roberto Serra and Sergio Storari
and Fabrizio Riguzzi},
booktitle = {Medical Data Analysis: First International Symposium, {ISMDA} 2000, Frankfurt, Germany, September 29-30, 2000. Proceedings},
editor = {R. W. Brause and E. Hanisch },
publisher = {Springer Verlag},
abstract = {In this work, we describe a project, jointly started by DEIS
University of Bologna and Dianoema S.p.A., in order to build a system which is
able to monitor nosocomial infections. To this purpose, the system computes
various statistics that are based on the count of patient infections over a period
of time. The precise count of patient infections needs a precise definition of
bacterial strains that is found by applying clustering to data on past infections.
Moreover, the system is able to identify critical situations for a single patient
(e.g., unexpected antibiotic resistance of a bacterium) or for hospital units (e.g.,
contagion events) and alarm the microbiologist.},
keywords = {Knowledge-based Systems; Nosocomial Infections},
pages = {282--292},
month = sep,
year = {2000},
address = {Heidelberg, \Germany},
series = {{Lecture Notes on Computer Science}},
volume = {1933},
note = {The original publication is available at \url{http://www.springerlink.com}},
issn = {0302-9743},
doi = {10.1007/3-540-39949-6_34},
url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/prqv16myudn9fbav/},
pdf = {http://ml.unife.it/wp-content/uploads/Papers/LamManMel-ISMDA00.pdf},
copyright = {Springer},
scopus = {2-s2.0-33646094404},
wos = {WOS:000171225400034},
isbn = {3540410899}
}
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